The value of Wound, Ischemia and foot Infection classification in patients undergoing endovascular therapy.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) Wound, Ischemia and foot infection (WIfI) classification system and clinical outcomes for 1-year limb amputation-free survival (AFS), freedom from reintervention, and wound healing rate in a cohort of patients affected by chronic limb-threatening ischemia treated exclusively by endovascular procedures. METHODS: We analyzed a prospective, consecutive cohort of 203 patients (203 limbs) who underwent infrainguinal endovascular revascularization at a single center between March 2018 and January 2021. These patients were stratified into clinical stages 1 to 4 based on the SVS WIfI classification and categorized into two groups: WIfI 1 to 3 (n = 101 limbs) and WIfI 4 (n = 102 limbs). The SVS objective performance goals of 1-year limb AFS, freedom from reintervention, and wound healing were compared between the groups and assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Angiographic lesion characteristics and angioplasty details were compared. RESULTS: The average age was 72.4 years (44.3% male, 85.2% had hypertension, 80.3% had diabetes, and 87.7% had tissue loss). There were statistical differences between the groups in 1-year limb AFS Kaplan-Meier rate between WIfI clinical stages 1 to 3 group and WIfI clinical stage 4 group (82% vs 66%, respectively; P < .001), but there was no statistical difference in freedom from reintervention and wound healing rates between the groups (70% vs 64% [P = .62] and 74% vs 79% [P = .90], respectively). Owing to angiographic lesion characteristics, femoropopliteal and infrapopliteal segment distributions were similar between the groups, but there was a statistical difference in target lesion location to tibial vessels (55.4% vs 71.6%, respectively; P = .025). CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia, SVS WIfI clinical stage 4 had worse results in the 1-year limb AFS rate, but there was no statistical difference in freedom from reintervention and wound healing rates between the groups.

Smartphone application for wound area measurement in clinical practice.

A total of 85 consecutive patients had their wound area measured. The procedure was executed in two parts. The first was to take photographs of the wound using a smartphone and measure the area using the imitoMeasure application (imito; imito AG, Zurich, Switzerland) by two raters. The second was to take photographs of the same wound using a 10-megapixel digital camera and posterior measurement of the area using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md) by one operator. The mean area of the wounds was 12.20 ± 10.45 cm2 for imito and 12.67 ± 10.86 cm2 for ImageJ measurement. The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between ImageJ and imito was 0.978 for a single measure and 0.989 for the average measure. Considering the two measurements, the ICC demonstrated excellent interobserver correlation using imito (0.987). Larger wounds had a greater difference between the methods (4.28% greater with the ImageJ measurement when considering areas >9 cm2). No difference was found between iOS (ICC, 0.995) and android (ICC, 0.970) smartphone operating systems. The smartphone application is a useful method for area measurement with excellent accuracy compared with digital photography and the ImageJ processing tool.

Úlcera penetrante de aorta com evolução atípica / Penetrating aortic ulcer with atypical development

A úlcera penetrante de aorta é uma variante da dissecção aórtica clássica que apresenta características histopatológicas peculiares. Estas lesões se desenvolvem a partir de placas ateromatosas ulceradas que se estendem através da íntima. O reparo endovascular é considerado uma alternativa segura e menos invasiva; no entanto, o manejo desta enfermidade ainda constitui um desafio para o cirurgião. Objetivo: Relatar o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, 61 anos, portador de úlcera de aorta torácica que evoluiu com perfuração e dissecção aórtica, a qual se manteve tamponada durante 13 meses, até o seu tratamento definitivo. Método: As informações necessárias foram obtidas por meio de revisão de prontuário, entrevista com o paciente e registro fotográfico de métodos de diagnóstico por imagem aos quais o paciente foi submetido. Considerações finais: O paciente, embora tardiamente, foi submetido com sucesso ao tratamento endovascular de úlcera penetrante de aorta e evoluiu sem intercorrências graves durante e após o procedimento terapêutico. Cada vez mais casos bem-sucedidos de tratamento endovascular de úlceras e outras doenças da aorta vêm sendo relatados e parece haver uma expectativa da comunidade médica de que, em breve, esta modalidade se firme como o padrão no tratamento destas enfermidades

The penetrating aortic ulcer is a particular variety of the classic aortic dissection with peculiar histological findings. These lesions develop from ulcerating atheromatous plaques that extend through the intima. The endovascular procedure is considered a safe and less invasive method of treatment, but the management of this disease is still seen as a challenge for the surgeon. Aim: To relate a case of a male patient of 61 years old that had an aortic ulcer witch has suffered perforation and produced an aortic dissection. The aortic perforation remained stable during 13 months until the patient has received the definitive treatment. Method: The necessary data was obtained by medical chart review, interview with the patient and photographic register of the image diagnose exams that were performed. Final considerations: The patient, even through with delay, was successful submitted to endovascular treatment for penetrating aortic ulcer and has suffered no severe complications during and after the procedure. Recently more and more well-succeed cases of encovascular treatment for the penetrating ulcer and other pathologies of the aorta have been described and it seems to exist an expectance of the medical community that, shortly, this modality will be recognized as the gold standard to manage these diseases

Salvamento de acesso vascular para hemodiálise: relato de caso / Hemodialysis vascular access salvage: case report

A insuficiência renal crônica (IRC) tem alta prevalência e a maior parte dos pacientes acometidos está em programa de hemodiálise necessitando, portanto, de acesso vascular. As fístulas arteriovenosas (FAV) são os acessos mais indicados e duradouros. Mesmo em casos de complicações, deve-se tentar o salvamento desses acessos. Trabalhos da literatura mostram a possibilidade de salvamento das FAV's, mesmo de maneira tardia. Deve-se tentar sempre a reparação do acesso atual, evitando o esgotamento do sistema venoso. Este trabalho relata o caso de uma paciente de 69 anos com IRC apresentando uma trombose de FAV braquiocefálica com drenagem para veia basílica por ramos colaterais, o que a tornou maturada. Essa veia foi utilizada no reparo do acesso, evitando o uso de cateteres.

Chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) has high prevalence and the majority of the patients are in hemodialysis program and, then, they need a vascular access. Arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) are the more indicated accesses and have a long term use. Even in cases of complications, the salvage of theses accesses must be tried. Researches of literature show the possibility of access salvage of AFV's, even in a long time after the complication. The repair of thepresent access must always be tried, avoiding the depletion of the venous system. This study is a case report of a 69 years-old female patient with CRI presenting thrombosis of a brachial-cefalic AFV with drainage to basilic vein by collateral branches, which maturated that vein. Basilic vein was used on the access repair, avoiding catheter use.

Trauma fechado de artéria poplítea com evolução atípica: relato de caso / Blunt popliteal artery injury with atypical evolution: case report

A luxação traumática do joelho está associada a extensos danos músculo-ligamentares. Quando lesões neurovasculares estão presentes, o prognóstico é agravado e a viabilidade da extremidade torna-se francamente ameaçada. Em caso de lesão arterial poplítea, a abordagem deve ser feita o quanto antes sob pena de perda do membro, que, em algumas séries, alcança 80 por cento. Os autores relatam o caso de um paciente jovem vítima de luxação traumática do joelho esquerdo associada a fraturas do acetábulo e da diáfise do fêmur ipsilaterais, com diagnóstico tardio (no quinto dia pós-trauma) de lesão da artéria poplítea. O paciente foi submetido a revascularização do membro e teve evolução satisfatória apesar da gravidade da lesão vascular, contrariando a evolução encontrada na literatura do trauma de artéria poplítea tratado tardiamente.

Traumatic knee dislocation is associated with massive muscle damage. When there are neurovascular lesions, prognosis is even worse and the limb viability is threatened. Popliteal artery lesions should be treated as soon as possible to prevent risk of limb loss, which can reach up to 80 percent in some case series. We report a case of a young patient who had traumatic knee dislocation associated with ipsilateral acetabular and femoral body fractures with late diagnosis (on the fifth day after the trauma) of popliteal artery lesion. The patient underwent limb revascularization with good outcome despite the severity of the lesion, which is in disagreement with the usual outcomes reported in the literature for the popliteal artery trauma with delayed treatment.

Úlcera penetrante de aorta: relato de um caso com evolução atípica / Penetrating aortic ulcer: case report with unusual evoluation

Relatar o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, 61 anos, portador de úlcera de aorta torácica que evoluiu com perfuração e dissecção aórtica a qual manteve-se tamponada durante treze meses até o seu tratamento definitivo. Método: as informações necessárias foram obtidas por meio de revisão de prontuário, entrevista com o paciente e registro fotográfico de métodos de diagnóstico por imagem aos quais o paciente foi submetido. Considerações Finais: o paciente, embora tardiamente, foi submetido comsucesso ao tratamento endovascular para úlcera penetrante de aorta e evoluiu sem intercorrências graves durante e após o procedimento terapêutico. Cada vez mais casos bem-sucedidos de tratamento endovascular para úlceras e outras doenças da aorta vêmsendo relatados e parece haver uma expectativa da comunidade médica de que, em breve, esta modalidade se firme como o padrão no tratamento destas enfermidades.

To relate a case of a male patient of 61 years old that had an aortic ulcer witch has suffered perforation and produced an aortic dissection. The aortic perforation remained stable during thirteen months until the patient has received the definitive treatment.Method: The necessary data was obtained by medical chart review, interview with the patient and photographic register of the image diagnose exams that were performed. Final considerations: The patient, even though with delay, was successful submitted to endovascular treatment for penetrating aortic ulcer and has suffered no severe complications during and after the procedure. Recently more and more well-succeed cases of endovascular treatment for the penetrating ulcer and other pathologies of the aorta have been described and it seems to exist an expectance of the medical community that, shortly,this modality will be recognized as the gold standard to manage these diseases